Loose-leaf binder.



mm., v

PATENTBD APR, 18, 1905.

O.' A. CARLSON.

LOOSE LEAF BINDER.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 24 1904 MoDBL,

UNTTBD STATES Patented April 18, 1905.

PATENT Ormes.,

CHARLES A. (,ARLSOK OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIHNOR TO HERBERT B.MOUNSIQY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

LOOSE-LEAF BINDER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 787,353, dated April18, 1905.

Application Filed June 24, 1904. Serial No. 214,016. tModel.)

Be it known that I. Cinemas A. (mason, a citi/.en ot' the United States,residing' at Chicago. in the county ot' Cook and State ot' Illinois,have invented certain new and uset'ul lmprovements in Loose-LeafBinders, of which the following' is a specification.

My invention relates to that class ot looseleal bindershaving'a pairot'sidebinder-frames movable in opposite directions transversely withrelation to each other, binder-pins upon such side biinler-t'rames,crossed levers pivotally connected together at their long'itudinalcenter and having their ends pivotally connected with such sidebindertrames` and means tor operating' such levers, and thereby the sidebinder-frames.

'l`he principal object of my invention is to provide a simple,economical, and efficient tile-binder.

A\ t'urther object ot' the invention is to provide a tile-binder havingside trames provided with binder-pin lnechanism thereon with simple andel'iicient lever mechanism t'or moving such side binder-frames back andforth with relation to each other and with suitable, simple, and etlicient means for operating such lever mechanism. and thereby the sidebindertrames.

further object ot' the invention is to provide a loose or changeableleatl binder with a suitable back and simple and ei'iicient screw andlever mechanism tor operating' the side binder-trames and back portions.

The invention relates particularly to the lever mechanism t'oroperating' the side trames and to the means t'or operating such levermechanism, and thereby the side trames.

ri`he invention consists in the features, combinations, and details ot'construction hereinutter described and claimed.

ln the :ufcompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view ot' a loose-leatlbinder constructed in accordance with my improvements; Fig. 2, a brokenlongitudinalsectional elevation taken on line L) ot Fig'. l looking' inthe direction of the arrow, showing' the relative positions otl thebinder-pins and guides and of the operating-lever and back portions; andFig. 3 a

transverse sectional elevation ot' the binderframe, taken on line otFig'. 1 looking' in the direction ot the arrow and slmwing such frameprovided with the side cover-leaves and one manner ol attaching' suchcover-leaves to the metallic portions ol the trame.

In constructing' a loose-leal binder in accordance with my improvementsl provide a pair ot' metallic sidel binder-liranus n, upon whichareimounted telescopic hinder-pins formed ol outer tubular portions eand inner pin portions which are slidably mounted in such tubularportions so as to lorm telescopic or collapsing' binder-pin mechanismadapted to hold suitably-slotted loose leaves interchangeably inposition upon such binder-pins and between the. side trames. .ln orderto permit loose leav is to be readily removed, interchang'ed, or newones to be placed in position, it is desirable that simple andeconomical means be provided t'or operating' or expanding and collapsingthe I )iiuler-t'rame by moving such side t'rames backward and t'orwardtransversely in opposite. directions with relation to each other. lnorder to accomplish this, a pair ot' side trame-operating levers f/arearranged in crossed relation to each other and pivoted at theirlongitudinal center upon a connecting' pivot pin or screw w, such leversbeing` pivotally mounted upon the side Vtrames by means ol studs f,having suitable horizontal slots for receiving the swinging' ends ot'the levers and having' pivots which extend through elongated slots insuch levers, and therelrvhold them in place. A slid ing' movement ot'the levers is thus permitted with relation to the, studs and sidebindert'rames and also a pivotal movement upon such pivot-pins. In orderto provide suitable means for operating such levers, and thereby theside binder-trames, l mount a pair ot depending' studs or postspivotally, one upon each ot such levers, at equal distances Ytrom thepoint where such levers are pivotally connected together. 'lhe upperends j ot` the studs are headed sulliciently to hold them pivotally inposition upon the levers, which may be provided with suitable bearingsOne ot these studs is provided with a transverse perforation havingright-hand screw-threads and the other with a similar` perforatlonhaving left-hand screw-threads arranged in alinement with each other atright angles to the side frames. A screw l, having right and leftscrew-threads m and n upon its opposite ends, is mounted in thecorrespondingly-threaded perforations in such depending studs or posts,so that the rotation of such screw in one direction willcause the posts.and with them the ends of the levers upon which they are mounted, tomove apart, and turning it in the opposite direction will cause them tomove toward each other. To enable the screw, and thereby the levers andside frames, to be readily operated, such screw is provided with asquared end 0, adapted to engage a correspondinglyshaped socket in theend of a key j), which is inserted through an opening q in one of theside binder-frames provided for the reception of such key.

A suitable telescopic back 7 is provided in the form of two relativelymovable portions s and t of metal riveted to the side binderframes at ornear their lower edges, such metallic portions of the back beingprovided with suitable canvas or leather coverings u. Suitable sidecover-leaves o are exibly connected with the side frames by means ofilexible coverings w, formed of canvas or leather, an inner lap of whichextends on the inside of the metallic portion of the corresponding sidebinder-frame and the outer lap y of which extends on the outside of theside binderframe and preferably covers the metallic portion of the back,which is attached to such side binder-frame. Each of the relativelymovable portions of the back is provided at each end with anupwardly-extending inclosing flange or end portion .2, which may becovered with leather, if desired, and which protects the ends of theleaves and produces a finished appearance.

The telescopic binder-pins serve in a great measure to guide the sidebinder-frames in their transverse movements, produced by the operationof the levers, and to hold such side binder-frames in the desiredposition longitudinally with relation to each other. When the backportions are attached to the side binder-frames, as here shown, theyalso serve to guide the side binder-frames; but in order to securerigidity of the binder against the torsional or twisting strains towhich it is subjected in use I provide guides which will insure the freetransverse movements of the sideY frames in opposite directions. Theseguides are formed of tubes 2, mounted upon one of such sidebinder-frames preferably beneath the level of the operating-levers, andguide-pins 3, mounted upon the opposite side binder-frame and extendingslidably into the axial opening in such tubes, so as to form telescopicguides for guiding the side binderframes and preventing undue playthereof.

By the above arrangement it will be seen that a changeable or loose-leafbinder is provided having operating-lever mechanism of the simplestpossible character for moving the side frames, and thereby thetelescopic back portions, in opposite directions transversely and that avery simple and economical means for operating such levers, comprisingascrew Z, with its right and left screw-th reads in threaded engagementwith the pivotal studs or posts in the levers, is thus provided. rlhemechanism thus provided is of the simplest possible construction and hasthe advantages of being not liable to get out of order, easy to repair,and efficient in operation. The screw is by the simplest possible meansmounted upon and connected with the levers, so that turning it in eitherdirection will produce a corresponding movement of the levers, andthereby open and close the relatively movable binder mechanisms, which Ihere designate as side binder-frames.

I claiml. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of abinding means comprising two relatively movable members, crossed levershaving their ends operatively connected to such side members andprovided with means for engaging a screw, and a screw operativelyconnected with such levers for oscillating them and thereby operatingthe side members, substantially as described.

2. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a bindingmeans comprising two relatively movable side members, crossed leverspivoted at their longitudinal centers having their ends operativelyconnected with such side members, a back connected with the sidemembers, and a screw operatively connected with such levers foroperating them and thereby the side members, substantially as described.

3. In a loose-leaf binder, the combination of a pair of sidebinder-frames provided with binder-pin mechanism thereon, crossed leverspivoted together and having their ends operatively connectedv with suchside binderframes, and a screw operatively connected with such leversfor operating them and thereby the side binder-frames, substantially asdescribed.

4. In a loose-leaf binder, the combination of a pair of sidebinder-frames, a pair of levers pivotally connected together each havingone end connected with each of such side binderframes, a screw mountedbetween such side binder-frames, and means for operatively connectingsuch screw to such levers, substantially as described.

5. In a loose-leaf binder, the combination of a pair of sidebinder-frames provided with binder-pins extending therebetween, a pairof crossed levers pivotally connected together at their longitudinalcenter each having one end pivotally connected with each side binder-IOO frame, an operating-screw mounted between such side minier-trames,and screw-engaging' mechanism pivotally connected with such crossedlevers and in threaded engagement with such screw, substantially asdescribed.

o. ln a loose-leatl binder, the combination ot' side bimler-t'rames.level' mechanism connected with such side bhitler-trames.y a pair otstuds pivotally mounted upon oppositely-movable portions ot such levermechanism and provided with pert'orations for receiving' a screw. and ascrew mounted in such pivoted studs and cxtemling at right ang'lcs withrelation to the side binder-frames t`or operating' such levers andthereby the side binder-trames, substantially as described.

T. ln a loose-leatl binderthe combination of side binder-trames, levermechanism connected with such side binder-trames, a pair ot' studs cachprovided with a tln'eaded perforation therein and pivotally mounted uponad iacent opp()sitely-movable portions ot' such lever mechanism, and ascrew provided with right and let't screw-threads upon its oppositeends` reslwctively, in threaded engagement with such pivoted studs,substantially as described. v

o. In a loose-leat binder, the combination ot' side biluler-t'rames, apair of levers pivotally connected together each having' one endconnected with each side binder-frame, a pair ot' studs each pivotallymounted upon a separate lever at equal distances from the point at whichsuch levers are pivotally connected and provided with threadedpert'orations having' right and lett screw-threads, respectively, and ascrew provided with right and left screwthreads in threaded engagementwith such pivoted studs.r respectively, t'or operating the levers andthereby the side binder-trames, substantially as described.

S). ln a loose-leafI binder, the combination ot' a pair ot sidebiiuler-t'rames, a pair ot' levers pivotally connected together eachhaving one end cox'mected with each side binder-trame. a pair ot' studseach pivotally mounted upon a separate lever at equal distances from thepointat which such levers are pivotally connected together' and providedwith threaded pert'orations having' right and lett screw-threzuls, resi)ectively. a screw provided with right and left screw-threads inthreaded engagement with such pivoted studs, respectively, tor operatingthe levers and thereby the sidc bindertrames` and telescopic guidest'ormed ot' tubes attached to one ot' such side binder-trames and pinsattached to the other side bixulert'rame i aud extending' slidably intothe axial openings such levers are pivotally connected and provided withthreaded pertorations having right and let't screw-threzuls,respectively, a screw provided with right and lelt screw-thretnls inthreaded engagement with such pivoted studs, respectively, toroperating' the levers and thereby the side binder-frames, and a backformed ot' two relatively movable portions each connected with one ot'such side bindert'rames and extending in the direction ot' the oppositeside binder-trame, substantially as described.

1l. In a loose-leatl binder, the combination otl side binden'framesprovided with binderpin mechanism mounted thereon, a pair ol leverspivotally connected together at their longitudinal center and pivotallyconnected at their swinging ends with such side bindert'rames, a pairot' studs each pivotally mounted upon one ot' such levers and providedwith right and lclt screw-tlnezulcd pertorations, respectively, a screwprovided with right and lett screw -threads upon its opposite endsmounted in threaded engagement with such studs and extending' at rig'htangles to the side trames, a pair olE separatelv-moval)le back portionscach connected with one ot` such side biinler-t'ramcs, and a pair ot'side cover-leaves each llexibly connected with a side binderframe,substantially as described.

1Q. In a loose-leaf binder, the combination ot' a pair o't sidebinder-trames provided with binder-pin mechanismmounted thereon, a pairot' levers pivotally connected together at their longitudinal center andpivotally connected at their swinging ends with such side binder-'rames, a pair ot' studs each pivotally mounted upon one ot' such leversand provided with right and let't screw-threaded pcrt'oratiousrespectively', a screw provided with right and let't screw threads uponits opposite ends mounted in threaded engagement with such studs andextending at right angles to the side frames. a pair ofseparatelymovable back portions each connected with one otI such sidebimler-t'rames, and a pair ol: side cover-leaves each provided with aflexible covering' having' an inner lap attached to the inner side ot'one ot' such side binder-frames and an outer lap extending around theoutside of the side binder-trame and the back portion mounted thereon,substantially as described.

13. ln a loose-leatl binder, the combination ot side bindert`ran1es7lever mechanism connected with such side bimler-lramcs. a plurality ot'studs each pivotally mounted upon one olI such levers, and a screwrotatabl mounted in such pivotcd studs t'or operating' such levers andthereby the side binder-trames, substantially as described.

CHARLES A. CARLSON,

\\"itnesses:

I'IAnuY .InwiN (fuounu, ANNA L, Savon-1.

IOO

IIS

